Czech Republic

Is there a specific enacted legislation regulating AI in your jurisdiction?

Besides the EU AI Act, there is no specific national regulation of AI in the Czech Republic. 

Is there a proposed legislation regulating AI in your jurisdiction?

A draft of the Act on Artificial Intelligence („Draft Act“) is now being discussed by Government, before submission to Parliament. The Government has recently changed, therefore delays may be expected in the legislative timeline.

https://odok.gov.cz/portal/veklep/material/KORNDLSJSEUC/

The Draft Act designates competent authorities, sets a legal basis for an AI sandbox, establishes administrative offenses, and implements other necessary provisions of the EU AI Act into the Czech legal system. The Draft Act intends to be only a minimum implementation, aiming otherwise to keep a free environment for AI development in the Czech Republic.

Are there any guidelines/ codes of conduct/ recommendations / reports / policies in connection with AI in your jurisdiction?

National AI Strategy (NAIS) of the Czech Republic 2030

The NAIS 2030 was adopted by the Government on 24 July 2024 and follows up on the previous NAIS adopted in 2019. It serves as a strategy outline for public policy on the Czech AI ecosystem. It maps out 7 core areas of AI development and use and contains an annually updated action plan for fulfilling policy aims. Policies on AI are coordinated by the Ministry of Industry and Trade.

Any additional relevant news regarding AI / or anticipated future changes (e.g. white papers, policy statements about AI regulation)?

Preparations for the implementation of the AI Act are underway. On 28 May 2025, the Government adopted an internal implementation policy and tasked the Ministry of Industry and Trade with preparing draft legislation by 31 October 2025. The policy also proposes the necessary personnel and financial measures. The Ministry has stated its intention not to expand further obligations above what is required by the AI Act.

Simultaneously, the Czech Republic is advocating for a two-year postponement of effectiveness of those AI Act’s provisions which have not yet entered into effect, fearing that Czech companies will not be able to prepare for all obligations within the current timeline.
 
The Ministry of Industry and Trade supports the submission of the „AI Gigafactory CZ“ project, applied for by electronic communications provider České Radiokomunikace at the European Commission, aiming to construct large-scale computing infrastructure for AI in the Czech Republic. 

Is AI specifically addressed in IP laws? Are there any guidelines / soft laws relating to AI? 

N/A 

Is AI specifically addressed in data protection laws? Are there any guidelines / soft laws relating to AI?

N/A 

Who are the competent AI supervisory authorities in your jurisdiction? 

The new Draft Act designates the following competent authorities:

• Czech Telecommunications Office (ČTÚ) to serve as the market surveillance authority. In specific areas, also the Czech National Bank and the Office for the Protection of Personal Data will serve as market surveillance authorities;
  
• Czech Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing (ÚNMZ) to serve as the notifying authority as well as establisher of the AI regulatory sandbox;
  
• Czech Standards Agency (ČAS) to secure the functioning of the AI regulatory sandbox;
  
• Public Defender of Rights (VOP - Ombudsman) as the national public authority supervising fundamental rights in relation to the use of high-risk AI systems referred to in Annex III of the AI Act.

Further, according to the Digital Czech Republic government website, the national public authorities supervising the fundamental rights in relation to the use of high-risk AI systems referred to in Annex III are the Office for the Protection of Personal Data (ÚOOÚ) and the Public Defender of Rights (VOP - Ombudsman).

Are there any publicly known enforcement actions in relation to AI?

Resolution of Czech Constitutional Court of 1 December 2025, case no. I.ÚS 3004/25

The court imposed a disciplinary fine on an attorney for submitting AI generated constitutional complaint without verifying its contents. The case law cited by the attorney was either non-existent or grossly misinterpreted.  The court held that while the use of AI tools is permitted, the failure to verify the submission before filing it with the court in this case constituted a gross impediment to the proceedings.

Decision of Czech Supreme Administrative Court of 15 October 2025, case no. 3 As 34/2025

The court refused to grant reimbursement of attorney’s fees for submissions which contained fabricated citations from non-existent case law (likely AI-generated) and were largely irrelevant, thereby prolonging rather than expediting the proceedings.

Decision of Prague Municipal Court of 11 October 2023, case no. 10 C 13/2023

The court ruled on the copyright protectability of AI generated output, concluding that it cannot be protected, as copyright can only extend to works created by a human author.

Are there any other sector specific laws or guideline / soft laws (e.g. finance, healthcare etc.) where AI is specifically addressed?

A new amendment to the Act on Police of the Czech Republic and Other Acts (no. 273/2008 Coll. Sb.) regulates use of AI for biometric identification at international airports for security purposes. It came into force on 1 August 2025.

A new amendment to the Road Traffic Act (no. 361/2000 Sb.) will enable and regulate use of autonomous vehicles with SAE Level 3 automated driving systems on Czech roads. It came into force on 1 January 2026.

Moreover, works on regulations concerning SAE Level 4 and 5 automated driving systems have already begun.

Czech Bar Association published an opinion on the use of AI for providing legal services.

An amendment of the Czech Criminal Code (Act no. 40/2009 Sb.) has newly introduced Section 191a, criminalising the production and distribution of pornographic content depicting a person without their consent, primarily targeting the so-called AI deepfakes. Penalties range from up to two years imprisonment for the basic offence to up to five years. It came into force on 1 January 2026.

*Information is accurate up to 21 January 2026